Eliminate Risk of Failure with The SecOps Group CNSP Exam Dumps

The Active Directory (AD) database on Windows domain controllers contains critical directory information, stored in a specific file format.

Why D is correct: The NTDS.DIT file (NT Directory Services Directory Information Tree) is the Active Directory database file, located in C:\Windows\NTDS\ on domain controllers. It stores all AD objects (users, groups, computers) and schema data in a hierarchical structure. CNSP identifies NTDS.DIT as the key file for AD data extraction in security audits.

Why other options are incorrect:

A . NTDS.DAT: Not a valid AD database file; may be a confusion with other system files.

B . NTDS.MDB: Refers to an older Microsoft Access database format, not used for AD.

C . MSAD.MDB: Not a recognized file for AD; likely a misnomer.

The SMB protocol, used for file and printer sharing, has evolved across versions, with significant security enhancements in later iterations.

Why C is correct: SMBv3, introduced with Windows 8 and Server 2012, added native support for encrypting SMB traffic. This feature uses AES-CCM encryption to protect data in transit, addressing vulnerabilities in earlier versions. CNSP notes SMBv3's encryption as a critical security improvement.

Why other options are incorrect:

A . SMBv1: Lacks encryption support and is considered insecure, often disabled due to vulnerabilities like WannaCry exploitation.

B . SMBv2: Introduces performance improvements but does not support encryption natively.

D . None of the above: Incorrect, as SMBv3 is the version that introduced encryption.

DNS cache poisoning, also known as DNS spoofing, involves an attacker injecting false DNS records into a resolver's cache, altering how domain names resolve.

Why A is correct: The primary risk is that an attacker can redirect users to malicious websites (e.g., phishing or malware sites) by poisoning the DNS cache with fake IP addresses. This can lead to credential theft, data exfiltration, or malware distribution. CNSP identifies this as the core threat of DNS cache poisoning, aligning with real-world attack vectors.

Why other option is incorrect:

B . Manipulate the cache of the web server or proxy server: This describes web cache poisoning, a different attack targeting HTTP caches, not DNS servers. DNS cache poisoning affects DNS resolution, not web or proxy server caches directly.

Port 111/TCP is the default port for the RPC (Remote Procedure Call) portmapper service on Unix systems, which registers and manages RPC services.

Why A is correct: Running rpcinfo -p <hostname> queries the portmapper to list all registered RPC services, their programs, versions, and associated ports. This is a logical next step during a security audit or penetration test to identify potential vulnerabilities (e.g., NFS or NIS services). CNSP recommends this command for RPC enumeration.

Why other options are incorrect:

B . Telnet to the port to look for a banner: Telnet might connect, but RPC services don't typically provide a human-readable banner, making this less effective than rpcinfo.

C . Telnet to the port, send 'GET / HTTP/1.0' and gather information from the response: Port 111 is not an HTTP service, so an HTTP request is irrelevant and will likely fail.

D . None of the above: Incorrect, as A is a valid and recommended step.

A DNS zone transfer involves replicating the DNS zone data (e.g., all records for a domain) from a primary to a secondary DNS server, requiring a reliable transport mechanism.

Why A is correct: DNS zone transfers use TCP port 53 because TCP ensures reliable, ordered delivery of data, which is critical for transferring large zone files. CNSP notes that TCP is the standard protocol for zone transfers (e.g., AXFR requests), as specified in RFC 5936.

Why other options are incorrect:

B . 53/UDP: UDP port 53 is used for standard DNS queries and responses due to its speed and lower overhead, but it is not suitable for zone transfers, which require reliability over speed.

C . Both 1 and 2: This is incorrect because zone transfers are exclusively TCP-based, not UDP-based.

D . None of the above: Incorrect, as 53/TCP is the correct port for DNS zone transfers.