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SIMULATION
Set Up Back-to-Back Transfer Flow
The topic explains what you need to do for setting up back-to-back transfer flow.
In the Oracle Product Information Management, ensure that the Item is Back-to-Back enabled.
In Oracle Global Order Promising:
1. Set up a global sourcing rule with Type as Transfer from. Set the organization as the organization requesting the transfer (example, Warehouse 1).
2. Set up a local sourcing rule for the organization (in this example, Warehouse 1) Type as Transfer from, from the organization that has the stock from which the transfer will take place (example, Warehouse 2).
3. Set up an ATP rule with the Promising Mode as Supply chain availability search.
4. Ensure that the Supply chain availability search attributes are enabled according to your requirements. For example, you might want the application to search components and resources to include on-hand or in-transit Supply Types or fulfillment lines Demand Types.
5. Set the ATP Rule Assignment as required.
6. Set the sourcing assignments for the sourcing rules that you defined in steps 1 and 2.
7. Ensure that the assignment level used for the global sourcing rule doesn't include any Organization.
8. Refresh and restart the Order Promising Server for ATP Rules and Sourcing.
With this setup:
* The global rule is used to source the item from Warehouse 1 if there is stock available to reserve.
* If there's no stock on hand, Global Order Promising uses the local rule to transfer the item from Warehouse 2 to Warehouse 1.
See the explanation below.
Set Up Back-to-Back Transfer Flow in Oracle Cloud
The Back-to-Back (B2B) Transfer Flow allows organizations to move inventory from one warehouse (source) to another warehouse (destination) when stock is unavailable in the fulfillment location. This setup ensures that Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) can automatically determine the best supply source and execute the transfer process efficiently.
1. Prerequisites: Enable Back-to-Back for Items
Before setting up the transfer flow, ensure that the item is Back-to-Back enabled in Oracle Product Information Management (PIM):
Navigate to Oracle Product Information Management (PIM).
Search for the item you want to enable for back-to-back fulfillment.
In the item definition, enable the 'Back-to-Back Enabled' attribute.
Save and publish the item updates.
This ensures that the item can participate in the B2B fulfillment process.
2. Configure Global Order Promising (GOP) for Back-to-Back Transfer Flow
In Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP), configure the system to determine the best transfer source when fulfilling back-to-back orders.
Step 1: Create a Global Sourcing Rule (Type: Transfer From)
Navigate to Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP).
Create a Global Sourcing Rule with the following details:
Type: 'Transfer From'
Source Organization: Warehouse 1 (Requesting warehouse or fulfillment location).
This rule ensures that items are sourced from Warehouse 1 whenever stock is available.
Step 2: Create a Local Sourcing Rule (Type: Transfer From)
Create a Local Sourcing Rule for Warehouse 1 as follows:
Type: 'Transfer From'
Source Organization: Warehouse 2 (Stock-holding warehouse).
This rule ensures that if Warehouse 1 does not have stock, the system transfers items from Warehouse 2.
Step 3: Set Up an ATP Rule for Availability Check
Create an ATP Rule (Available-to-Promise Rule) with the following parameters:
Promising Mode: 'Supply Chain Availability Search'.
Enable attributes for supply chain availability search based on business needs.
Configure ATP search to consider on-hand stock, in-transit inventory, components, and resources if needed.
This ensures that GOP can evaluate stock levels across multiple locations.
Step 4: Assign ATP Rule to Organizations
Assign the ATP Rule to the appropriate organizations.
Ensure that the rule applies to Warehouse 1 and Warehouse 2 based on their roles in the sourcing process.
This enables availability checking when processing sales orders.
Step 5: Assign Sourcing Rules to Organizations
Assign the Global Sourcing Rule to the enterprise-wide sourcing assignment.
Assign the Local Sourcing Rule to Warehouse 1, specifying Warehouse 2 as the sourcing location.
Ensure that the assignment level for the global sourcing rule does not include a specific organization (it should apply at a broader level).
This ensures that Oracle GOP prioritizes sourcing stock from Warehouse 1 first and transfers from Warehouse 2 if needed.
Step 6: Refresh and Restart Order Promising Server
Once the sourcing rules and ATP configurations are in place:
Refresh Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) Rules.
Restart the Order Promising Server to apply sourcing and ATP rule changes.
This step ensures that all updates take effect and are used in future order promising decisions.
3. Expected Behavior After Setup
If Warehouse 1 has stock GOP reserves inventory and processes the sales order immediately.
If Warehouse 1 does not have stock GOP triggers a transfer order to move stock from Warehouse 2 to Warehouse 1.
Once the transfer order is fulfilled and received, the sales order is shipped to the customer.
This ensures automated order fulfillment with minimal manual intervention.
4. Benefits of Back-to-Back Transfer Flow in Oracle Cloud
Optimized Inventory Utilization -- Uses stock efficiently across multiple warehouses.
Automated Stock Transfers -- Eliminates manual intervention by automatically moving stock when needed.
Reduced Procurement Costs -- Moves existing inventory instead of purchasing new stock.
Faster Order Fulfillment -- Reduces lead times by sourcing from internal stock before procurement.
Seamless Oracle Cloud Integration -- Works across Oracle Order Management, Inventory, GOP, and Supply Chain Orchestration.
SIMULATION
Back-to-Back Supply Creation On-Hand Flow
The back-to-back on-hand available (ATP) flow is the simplest in terms of the number of steps that constitute the flow. This flow occurs where on hand supply is available in the fulfillment warehouse for the ordered back-to-back item at the time of order promising. Because on-hand goods already exist in the form of on hand, Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration directly sends a request to reserve the on hand quantity against the back-to-back sales order. You can ship the sales order immediately after the reservation is created.
The following figure shows the back-to-back supply creation on-hand flow.
See the explanation below.
Back-to-Back Supply Creation: On-Hand Flow in Oracle Cloud
1. Overview of Back-to-Back On-Hand Flow
The Back-to-Back On-Hand Flow is the simplest and fastest fulfillment method in Oracle Cloud because the required stock is already available in the fulfillment warehouse at the time of sales order entry.
Unlike Buy, Make, or Transfer Flows, no additional supply is created. Instead, Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) directly reserves the available inventory against the sales order, making it ready for immediate shipment.
2. Step-by-Step Back-to-Back On-Hand Flow Process
Below is a detailed step-by-step breakdown of the Back-to-Back On-Hand Flow using Oracle Fusion Cloud applications.
Step 1: Enter & Schedule Sales Order
The customer places a sales order in Oracle Order Management.
The system checks inventory availability in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) determines that the required stock is already available in the fulfillment warehouse.
No procurement, manufacturing, or warehouse transfers are needed.
The sales order is scheduled immediately for fulfillment.
System Action: The system identifies that on-hand stock is available and proceeds to reservation.
Step 2: Reserve Available Inventory
Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) reserves the available stock against the back-to-back sales order.
The system ensures that this stock is allocated only to this order, preventing other orders from using it.
System Action: The system reserves the required quantity for the sales order.
Step 3: Ship the Sales Order
The order moves directly to shipping in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
The warehouse team picks, packs, and ships the goods using Oracle Shipping Execution.
An invoice is generated in Oracle Receivables.
The sales order is closed after shipment.
Final Action: The system completes the order and ships it to the customer.
3. Oracle Fusion Cloud Modules Involved in On-Hand Flow
4. Benefits of Back-to-Back On-Hand Flow
Fastest Fulfillment Process -- No need for procurement, manufacturing, or transfers.
Minimizes Order Processing Time -- Orders can be shipped immediately after reservation.
Eliminates Additional Costs -- No purchase orders, work orders, or transfers required.
Ensures Inventory Optimization -- Uses available stock efficiently.
Improves Customer Satisfaction -- Quick shipping and fulfillment.
5. Real-World Use Case
Scenario: Electronics Retailer Fulfilling a Popular Smartphone Order
A retailer sells Smartphone XYZ and has 100 units in stock at its fulfillment warehouse.
Process Flow:
A customer places an order for 10 units of Smartphone XYZ.
Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) identifies that stock is available.
Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) reserves 10 units against the sales order.
The warehouse team picks, packs, and ships the smartphones.
The customer receives the order, and the system closes the sales order.
Result: The order is fulfilled immediately without additional supply creation.
SIMULATION
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Make Flow
The supply document for a back-to-back make flow is a work order. As soon as the work order is created in Oracle Fusion Cloud Manufacturing, it's tied to the back-to-back sales order in the form of a reservation in inventory. The work order goes through the regular production process and the work order completion transaction issues finished goods to inventory.
Note: Back-to-back flow is currently supported for only discrete manufacturing.
The following figure shows the back-to-back supply creation make flow.
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Transfer Flow
The supply document for a back-to-back transfer flow is a transfer order. The transfer order is created in inventory and reserved against the back-to-back sales order. When the transfer order is ready to be fulfilled, an interorganization shipment moves goods from the source organization to the destination organization. An interorganization receipt in the destination organization (which is also the fulfillment warehouse on the back-to-back sales order) creates on hand to fulfill the sales order.
The following figure shows the back-to-back supply creation transfer flow.
See the explanation below.
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Flows: Make & Transfer in Oracle Cloud
1. Overview of Back-to-Back Supply Creation Flows
Back-to-back (B2B) supply creation flows in Oracle Fusion Cloud allow businesses to generate supply only when a sales order is placed. The system creates supply documents dynamically based on sourcing rules and executes supply fulfillment through Manufacturing (Make Flow) or Inventory Transfer (Transfer Flow).
Each flow follows these key steps:
Sales Order Entry & Scheduling -- A customer places an order that requires supply creation.
Supply Order Generation -- The system determines whether to manufacture or transfer stock.
Supply Execution -- The supply is produced (Make Flow) or transferred from another warehouse (Transfer Flow).
Receiving & Reservation -- The supply is received and linked to the sales order.
Order Fulfillment -- The sales order is shipped to the customer.
2. Back-to-Back Supply Creation: Make Flow (Manufacturing-Based Fulfillment)
The Make Flow is used when the item must be manufactured in-house because it is not available in stock or through procurement. The system creates a Work Order (WO) in Oracle Manufacturing Cloud and ties it to the sales order.
Step-by-Step Make Flow Process
Below is the step-by-step breakdown of the Back-to-Back Make Flow using Oracle Fusion Cloud applications.
Step 1: Enter & Schedule Sales Order
The customer places an order in Oracle Order Management.
The system checks stock availability in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
Since no stock is available, Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) triggers a supply request.
Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) determines that the item must be manufactured.
The sales order is scheduled for back-to-back fulfillment.
System Action: The system marks the sales order for manufacturing and creates a supply order.
Step 2: Create & Request Work Order
Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) generates a Supply Order.
The system determines that a Work Order (WO) is needed.
A Work Order (WO) is created in Oracle Manufacturing Cloud.
The Work Order is tied to the sales order to ensure the finished goods are allocated for this order only.
System Action: The system creates a Work Order (WO) in Oracle Manufacturing.
Step 3: Execute Manufacturing Process
The Work Order goes through the standard production process.
Raw materials are issued from inventory.
Production activities are completed.
The final product is reported as complete in Oracle Manufacturing Cloud.
The Work Order is completed, and the finished goods are transferred to Oracle Inventory Cloud.
System Action: The system marks the Work Order as complete and updates inventory.
Step 4: Reserve & Ship the Sales Order
The system reserves the manufactured stock against the sales order.
The order is picked, packed, and shipped from the warehouse.
Oracle Shipping Execution updates the order status.
An invoice is generated in Oracle Receivables.
The sales order is closed.
Final Action: The system completes the order and ships it to the customer.
Oracle Fusion Cloud Modules Involved in Make Flow
SIMULATION
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Flows
You can set up Oracle Fusion Cloud applications that support back-to-back fulfillment to trigger supply creations flows (buy, make, transfer, and on hand) after a sales order is entered and scheduled.
Each variant of the back-to-back flow differs in the supply document that's created and the supply execution application in which the document is created. Depending on the source of the item, supply is provided from manufacturing, procurement, or inventory. Then, after the supply is received into the fulfillment warehouse, the back-to-back order is ready for shipment to your customer.
The following table describes the supply creation flows and associated supply document supported for each flow when using back-to-back fulfillment.
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Buy Flow
The supply document for a back-to-back buy flow is a purchase order. Based on supply recommendations from Oracle Global Order Promising, a purchase order is created and reserved against the sales order. When the purchase order is received by the supplier, on hand is created to ship out the back-to-back sales order.
The following figure shows the back-to-back supply creation buy flow.
See the explanation below.
Back-to-Back Supply Creation Flows in Oracle Cloud
Back-to-back (B2B) fulfillment in Oracle Fusion Cloud allows organizations to trigger supply creation (Buy, Make, Transfer, or On-Hand Reservation) after a sales order is entered and scheduled. The system dynamically generates supply documents depending on the source of the item and executes supply fulfillment through Oracle Procurement, Manufacturing, or Inventory Management.
1. Overview of Back-to-Back Supply Creation Flows
Each back-to-back flow follows these key steps:
Sales Order Entry & Scheduling -- A customer places an order that requires supply creation.
Supply Order Generation -- The system determines the best supply source based on predefined sourcing rules.
Supply Execution -- The supply is created using procurement (Buy), manufacturing (Make), transfer (Transfer), or existing stock (On-Hand).
Receiving & Reservation -- The supply is received and linked to the sales order.
Order Fulfillment -- The sales order is shipped to the customer.
2. Back-to-Back Supply Creation Buy Flow (Procurement-Based Fulfillment)
The Buy Flow is used when the required item is procured from an external supplier because it is not available in stock or another warehouse.
Step-by-Step Buy Flow Process
Below is the step-by-step breakdown of the Back-to-Back Buy Flow with Oracle Fusion applications involved:
Step 1: Initiate Back-to-Back Sales Order
The customer places a sales order in Oracle Order Management.
The system checks stock availability in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
If no stock is available, Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) triggers a supply request.
Oracle Global Order Promising (GOP) determines procurement as the best supply source.
The sales order is scheduled for back-to-back fulfillment.
System Action: The system marks the sales order for procurement and creates a supply order.
Step 2: Create Supply Order
Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) generates a Supply Order.
The system determines that a Purchase Order (PO) is needed.
A Purchase Requisition is created in Oracle Procurement Cloud.
System Action: The system sends a request for procurement.
Step 3: Request Purchase Order (PO)
Oracle Procurement Cloud converts the requisition into a Purchase Order (PO).
The PO is sent to the external supplier.
The PO is linked to the sales order, ensuring that supply is dedicated to fulfilling the order.
System Action: The system creates a Purchase Order (PO) and tracks supplier delivery.
Step 4: Receive the Purchase Order (PO)
The supplier delivers the goods to the fulfillment warehouse.
The warehouse team receives the PO in Oracle Receiving.
The received inventory is updated in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
The supply is reserved against the back-to-back demand.
System Action: The system marks the received supply as reserved for the sales order.
Step 5: Ship the Back-to-Back Sales Order
The order is picked, packed, and shipped from the warehouse.
Oracle Shipping Execution updates the order status.
An invoice is generated in Oracle Receivables.
The sales order is closed.
Final Action: The system completes the order and ships it to the customer.
3. Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications Involved in Back-to-Back Buy Flow
4. Benefits of the Back-to-Back Buy Flow
Reduces Inventory Holding Costs -- No need to stock large quantities in advance.
Ensures Order-Specific Procurement -- Every sales order is directly linked to supply.
Automates Procurement & Order Processing -- Seamless integration between Oracle modules.
Enhances Customer Satisfaction -- Quick fulfillment by sourcing products efficiently.
Optimizes Supplier Collaboration -- Real-time PO creation and tracking with suppliers.
5. Real-World Use Case
Scenario: Electronics Distributor Fulfilling a Large Order
A distributor selling high-end laptops does not keep them in stock but procures them from suppliers only when an order is placed.
Process Flow:
A corporate customer places an order for 50 laptops.
The system checks stock and finds no available inventory.
A Purchase Order is created in Oracle Procurement Cloud and sent to the supplier.
The supplier delivers the laptops to the warehouse.
The laptops are reserved against the sales order.
The laptops are shipped to the customer, and the invoice is generated.
Result: The distributor minimizes inventory costs while fulfilling customer demand efficiently.
SIMULATION
How Back-to-Back Fulfillment Works
The back-to-back process flow is one in which specific sales order demand triggers supply creation and a link is established between the sales order and the supply.
An organization procures goods from an internal or external supplier or source to a specific warehouse from where you can combine those goods with others to create a single shipment to the customer.
Back-to-back supply processes are similar to regular supply processes that deliver supply to a warehouse except for one difference; the back-to-back supply is always reserved to an order management fulfillment line.
At a high level, you can think of back-to-back fulfillment as a three-step process:
1. Creation of a customer sales order (source of demand).
2. Creation and fulfillment of supply document (source of supply) to the fulfillment warehouse.
3. Shipment of sales order from the fulfillment warehouse to the customer.
However, the back-to-back flow is truly a highly integrated process flow involving several Oracle Fusion Cloud applications. The following figure shows the back-to-back process flow in detail. An explanation for each number follows the figure.
See the explanation below.
Back-to-Back Fulfillment: Detailed Simulation in Oracle Cloud
Introduction
Back-to-back (B2B) fulfillment is a process where supply is created only after a sales order is placed. The supply is specifically reserved for that order and remains linked until fulfillment is completed. Unlike regular inventory processes, back-to-back fulfillment ensures that supply is directly tied to a customer demand, optimizing inventory management while maintaining customer satisfaction.
Key Oracle Fusion Cloud Applications Involved
Back-to-back fulfillment integrates multiple Oracle Fusion Cloud applications, including:
Oracle Order Management (for sales order processing)
Oracle Procurement (for external supply sourcing)
Oracle Manufacturing (for in-house production)
Oracle Inventory Management (for warehouse operations and fulfillment)
Oracle Supply Chain Orchestration (for coordinating supply processes)
Oracle Shipping Execution (for shipping to customers)
Step-by-Step Back-to-Back Fulfillment Simulation
Step 1: Creation of a Customer Sales Order (Source of Demand)
A customer places an order for a product that is not available in stock.
The sales order is created in Oracle Order Management.
The system checks inventory availability in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
Since stock is unavailable, the Supply Chain Orchestration (SCO) module triggers a supply request.
The system determines the best supply source based on sourcing rules (Buy, Make, Transfer, or On-Hand Reservation).
The sales order line is marked for back-to-back fulfillment, and a supply order is generated.
System Action: The system reserves the sales order and waits for supply to be created.
Step 2: Creation and Fulfillment of Supply (Source of Supply to Warehouse)
Once the supply order is created, the system initiates one of the following supply methods:
Option 1: Buy (Procurement from Supplier)
The system generates a Purchase Requisition in Oracle Procurement Cloud.
The requisition is converted into a Purchase Order (PO) and sent to an external supplier.
The supplier fulfills the order and ships the goods to the fulfillment warehouse.
The warehouse receives the items using Oracle Receiving.
Option 2: Make (Manufacturing in-house or contract manufacturing)
The system generates a Work Order in Oracle Manufacturing Cloud.
The work order is scheduled, and production starts.
Once manufacturing is complete, the finished goods are moved to inventory.
Option 3: Transfer (Move from another warehouse or distribution center)
The system creates a Transfer Order in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
Stock is transferred from a different warehouse or location.
Once received, inventory is updated in the fulfillment warehouse.
Option 4: On-Hand (Reserve Existing Inventory)
If stock is available in the fulfillment warehouse, the system directly reserves the items.
No additional supply request is needed.
System Action: The system updates the sales order and marks it ready for fulfillment once supply is received.
Step 3: Shipment of Sales Order to the Customer
The order is released for picking in Oracle Inventory Cloud.
The picking process begins, and items are packed for shipping.
The shipping team processes the order using Oracle Shipping Execution.
A shipment confirmation is generated, and the order is shipped to the customer.
An invoice is created in Oracle Receivables.
The system marks the sales order as fulfilled and closed.
Final Action: The customer receives the order, and the back-to-back fulfillment process is completed.
Key Benefits of Back-to-Back Fulfillment in Oracle Cloud
Optimized Inventory Management -- Stock is acquired only when needed, reducing carrying costs.
Improved Order Fulfillment Efficiency -- Automated supply chain orchestration ensures smooth operations.
Enhanced Customer Satisfaction -- Orders are processed quickly, reducing delays and backorders.
Integrated Supply Chain Execution -- Oracle Fusion applications work together seamlessly.
Flexibility in Sourcing -- Businesses can choose procurement, manufacturing, transfers, or reservations based on demand.
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